President Trump signed four executive orders on nuclear energy, targeting an expansion of American nuclear capacity from approximately 100 GW today to 400 GW by 2050 — a quadrupling of output. This structural shift in energy policy creates a powerful new demand driver for all three platinum group metals, each of which plays a significant role in nuclear reactor safety and operations.

Rhodium detectors are used in nuclear reactors to measure the neutron flux level. Palladium is used for hydrogen management and in reactor safety systems. Platinum is used in reactor temperature measurement systems.

The backbone of nuclear plant safety instrumentation, platinum resistance sensors monitor coolant temperatures in real time, feeding the control systems that keep reactors stable. As nuclear capacity quadruples toward 400 GW, the demand for precision platinum sensors scales proportionally.

Three consecutive annual deficits representing approximately 12% of global demand. The structural shortfall is deepening precisely as nuclear energy policy accelerates demand.

Sources: Sprott Asset Management, "Platinum Is On Track for a Status Upgrade" (May 2025); WPIC Platinum Quarterly Q4 2025 (March 2026).

Palladium's singular ability to absorb and release hydrogen makes it essential for tritium separation and hydrogen isotope management in both fission and fusion reactor systems. The combined 2023–2024 shortfall of 1.4 Moz represents approximately 15% of annual global demand. Over 75% of global supply is concentrated in Russia and South Africa.

Source: The Oregon Group — Critical Minerals and Energy Intelligence (theoregongroup.com/commodities/platinum/palladium-market-confronts-deficits-amid-north-americas-push-for-supply-security/)

Rhodium neutron detectors serve as the "eyes" inside an operating reactor core, providing continuous, real-time measurement of neutron flux levels critical to safe power output. There is no viable substitute for rhodium in this application.

Rhodium is considered one of the rarest and most valuable metals in the world, occurring in the Earth's crust at a rate of around 1 part per billion. Its role in three-way catalytic converters and reactor neutron detection makes it structurally significant.

Source: Statista — Rhodium Supply Worldwide (statista.com/statistics/592714/supply-of-rhodium-worldwide/)

As the U.S. dollar faces structural pressure from de-dollarization, CBDC implementation, and record debt levels, the case for holding physical assets outside the traditional financial system has never been more compelling. Gold, silver, and rare coins represent a time-tested form of financial sovereignty and safe haven demand.

Hard Asset Management, Inc. (HAM) is a dealer in physical precious metals and numismatic coins and is not a registered investment adviser, broker-dealer, or financial institution. HAM does not act as a fiduciary, financial adviser, or investment manager on behalf of any customer. No fiduciary duty, advisory relationship, or obligation to act in a customer's best interest is created by any transaction, communication, or course of dealing with HAM. Customers are solely responsible for their own investment and purchasing decisions. HAM's representatives may provide general product information, but such information does not constitute personalized financial advice and should not be relied upon as such. Every purchaser's investment profile is unique to that individual or entity and as such, each purchase should be considered in light of one's own investment strategy. Purchasers should consult with their investment advisors and tax professionals before any purchase.

Precious metals and rare coins are tangible assets whose market values fluctuate based on numerous factors, including but not limited to spot price movements, numismatic demand, grading standards, economic conditions, currency fluctuations, and geopolitical events. Past performance and historical pricing trends do not guarantee future results. The value of any item purchased from HAM may increase, decrease, or remain unchanged after purchase. HAM's prices may include dealer premiums. All sales are final unless otherwise expressly stated in a written agreement signed by an authorized representative of HAM. Purchasers are encouraged and expected to conduct their own independent research, due diligence, and appraisal prior to purchase. HAM makes no representations or warranties, express or implied, beyond those explicitly set forth in the applicable sales contract.

Investing in or purchasing precious metals and rare coins involves significant financial risk. The market value of precious metals and numismatic items can be highly volatile and is subject to rapid and unpredictable change, if you chose to sell. You may receive substantially less than the amount you paid, and in adverse market conditions, YOU COULD LOSE ALL OR A SIGNIFICANT PORTION OF YOUR INVESTMENT. You should only purchase precious metals or rare coins with funds you can afford to lose and after carefully considering your overall financial situation. If you need to sell for liquidity purposes, the timing of your sale will impact the proceeds of your sale. Items held for a short period of time, sold at the wrong time or sold in auction at an inopportune time, may likely result in a lesser sale price than if sold at more appropriate time.

Numismatic (collector) coins are valued primarily for their rarity, condition, historical significance, and collector demand. Bullion coins and bars are valued primarily based on prevailing spot prices plus market premiums for the underlying metal. These product categories carry different risk profiles, liquidity characteristics, and resale considerations such as timing and resale approach. Buyers should understand the distinction before purchasing.

Buyers should plan on holding their numismatic (collector) coins and bullion long term as short-term investing in precious metals and numismatics subject sellers to potentially short term volatility swings that may result in investment losses.

Coin grades assigned by third-party grading services (such as PCGS or NGC) reflect the opinion of the grading service at the time of certification. HAM does not independently certify or guarantee the accuracy of third-party grades. Grading is inherently subjective, and the assigned grade of a coin may differ among qualified numismatists or upon resubmission.

Precious metals and rare coins are not as liquid as publicly traded securities. Resale prices are subject to bid-ask spreads, dealer premiums, auction commissions and prevailing market conditions at the time of sale. HAM does not guarantee repurchase of any item previously sold and is under no obligation to offer a buyback at any particular price.

Purchases and sales of precious metals and rare coins may have federal and/or state tax implications, including capital gains tax reporting obligations. HAM does not provide tax advice. Buyers are strongly encouraged to consult a qualified tax professional regarding the tax treatment of precious metals and numismatic transactions applicable to their individual circumstances.

Precious metals and rare coins offered by Hard Asset Management are investment products, not consumer goods. Purchases of gold, silver, platinum, palladium, and numismatic coins are made for the purpose of capital preservation, portfolio diversification, wealth storage, or speculative investment, and are not acquired primarily for personal, family, or household use. As investment instruments, these products are subject to market fluctuation, and their value is determined by factors including spot prices, numismatic grade, market demand, and macroeconomic conditions — all of which are beyond the control of HAM.

This brochure does not constitute a solicitation to buy or sell any security, commodity futures contract, or regulated financial instrument. Precious metals and rare coins are tangible goods, not securities, and transactions in physical metals are generally not regulated by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) or the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC).

If you have questions about any item, its provenance, grading, pricing, or terms of sale, please speak with a HAM representative prior to completing your purchase. We are committed to transparent, good-faith dealing with every customer.

Historical return figures cited in this brochure, including data referenced from the Professional Numismatists Guild (PNG) Rare Coin Market Report and other third-party sources, are provided for informational purposes only. Past performance of rare coins, precious metals, or any other asset class is not indicative of, and does not guarantee, future results. Investment values fluctuate and may decline. Returns cited represent historical market averages across broad categories and do not reflect the experience of any individual investor or the performance of any specific coin or metals position held or offered by Hard Asset Management Inc. Rare coins and precious metals are not registered securities and are not subject to the same regulatory protections as securities investments. They are illiquid assets whose realized value depends on market conditions, grading standards, buyer demand, and the specific terms of any transaction at the time of sale. Hard Asset Management Inc. makes no representation that any customer will achieve results comparable to historical averages. Nothing in this brochure constitutes investment advice, a solicitation to purchase, or a recommendation regarding the suitability of any asset for any particular investor. Customers are encouraged to consult an independent financial advisor before making any purchase decision.

The data and facts set forth in this brochure are based on reliable, publicly available sources. Hard Asset Management, Inc. is not responsible for any inaccuracies that may exist; any such inaccuracy is unintentional. All projections represent third-party analyst modeling and consensus estimates, not guarantees of future performance.